We are now elucidating the physiological functions of several UBXNs (Ubxn1, Ubxn3b and Ubxn9) during viral infection (arthritogenic alpahviruses: Chikungunya and O’nyong nyong, respiratory viruses: influenza and SARS-CoV-2) in tamoxifen-inducible gene knockout mice.Ģ. We and other research groups have recently shown that several UBXNs regulate the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling including the viral RNA sensor RIG-I – MAVS axis (Retinoic acid Inducible Gene-Mitochondrial Antiviral Viral Signaling), the dsDNA sensor cGAS-STING axis (cyclic di-GMP-AMP Synthase- Stimulator of Interferon Genes), and NF-kB signaling pathways. A number of UBXNs have been shown to bind to multiple E3 ubiquitin ligases and the ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA ATPase), p97, which is highly conserved across species and involved in diverse cellular processes, including ER-associated degradation (ERAD), vesicle fusion/membrane trafficking, and cell cycle. The UBX domain shares weak homology with ubiquitin at the protein level and adopts the same three dimensional fold as ubiquitin. The physiological functions of UBXNs in antiviral immunity. The human genome encodes 13 ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing proteins, designated UBXNs. Hongkong Health and Medical Research Fundġ. NIH, Non-HIV Infectious Agent Detection/Diagnostics, Food Safety, Sterilization/Disinfection and Bioremediation Special Emphasis Panelįrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers in Virology PRMRP_VID4, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs, Department of Defenseīiomedical Sciences PhD Program Admission Committeeįrench Agence Nationale de la Recherche-ANR
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